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Showing posts with label compara. Show all posts
Showing posts with label compara. Show all posts

Monday, 14 March 2011

Definirea unui mecanism de comparare a entitatiilor din punct de vedere a structurii folosind IStructuralEquatable

Posted on 14:13 by Unknown
Uneori avem nevoie sa putem compara clasele de tip POCO ca pe niste structuri. De exemplu daca avem clasa Student, dorim sa comparam entitatile de acest tip din punct de vedere a datelor pe care le contin.
class Student
{
public string Nume{ get;set;}
public string Prenume{ get;set;}
public int Varsta{ get;set;}
}
Pentru acest lucru sa folosim IStructuralEquatable. Aceasta interfata a fost creata pentru a fi folosita in tupluri. In cazul acestora, doua tupluri sunt egale daca fiecare element din tuplu este egal din celalalt tuplu.
Interfata contine doua metode:
bool Equals(Object other, IEqualityComparer comparer);
int GetHashCode(IEqualityComparer comparer);
Prin intermediul parametrului comparer se defineste mecanismul de comparare. Exista cateva implementari in .NET pentru IEqualityComparer prin care putem sa comparam siruriile de elemente - element cu element.
Valoarea default a acestui parametru este EqualityComparer>Object<.Default.Equals in cazul in care se foloseste mecanismul standard de comparare. O alta implementare este StructuralComparisons.StructuralEqualityComparer. Aceasta este folosita cand lucram cu tupluri sau cu clase ce implementeaza IStructuralEquatable.
Dar ne putem defini si noi propriul mecanism de comparare daca implementam IEqualityComparer. De exemplu in cazul nostru am putea sa avem:
public class FullNameComparer
{
public new bool Equals(object s1, object s2)
{
...
var student1 = s1 as Student;
var student2 = s2 as Student;
return student1.Nume == student2.Nume && student1.Prenume == student2.Prenume;
}
}
Pentru a putea compara doi studenti putem sa apelam( clasa Student trebuie sa implementeze IStructuralEquatable):

var student1 = new Student() { ... };
var student2 = new Student() { ... };
bool areEquals = student1.Equals(student2, new FullNameComparer());
Unde ne este utiliza aceasta interfata. Cand avem nevoie sa definim mai multe mecanism de comparare pentru o clasa de un anumit fel. Prin acest mecanism putem foarte usor sa trimitem printr-un parametru modul in care sa se faca compararea. Cel mai bine aceasta interfata se preteaza cand lucram cu tupluri.
Exista nenumarate solutii la aceasta problema, depinde de la caz.
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Posted in compara, comparison, IStructuralEquatable, StructuralEqualityComparer, tuplu | No comments

Tuesday, 15 February 2011

IComparer generic - propietatea Default

Posted on 22:36 by Unknown
De obicei cand dorim sa putem compara doua obiecte de acelasi tip folosim IComparar. Aceasta ne pune la dispozitie metoda
int Compare(T x, T y);
Valorea returnata de aceasta metoda poate sa fie:
  • >0 - daca x este mai mare ca y;
  • =0 - daca x este egal cu y;
  • <0 - daca x este mai mic ca y;
In cazul in care una( sau amandoua) din valori, metoda poate sa returneze:
  • >0 - daca y este null;
  • =0 - daca x so y sunt null;
  • <0 - daca x este mai mic ca y;
Dar pentru a putea face aceasta comparatie una din valori trebuie sa fie diferita de null, atlfel o sa avem parte de NullReferenceException. Pentru a putea rezolva aceasta problema putem sa avem ceva de genul:
var valoare = x == null ? ( y == null ? 0 : -1 ) : x.CompareTo(y);
Este necesar sa verificam daca una din valor este null. Valoarea lui y nu trebe sa o verificam obligatoriu, dar cea a lui x trebuie sa o verificam mereu.
Pentru a rezolva acest neajuns, avem la dispozitie propietatea Default pe IComparable. Aceasta va crea automat comparatorul default pentru tipul de data dat. De exemplu daca lucram cu un obiect de tip nullable, putem sa evitam sa facem verificarea descrisa mai sus folosind aceasta propietate:
int? x,y;
// ...
var valoare = Comparar<int?>.Default.Compare(x,y);
Acesta va crea instanta in regim de Singleton, o instanta a clasei Comparer. Tipul de data T pe care il folosim trebuie sa implementeze interfata IComparable.
Aceasta propietate ne poate scapa de grijile de a verifica fiecare element daca este null inainte de a face compararea.
Read More
Posted in compara, Comparer T .Default, CompareTo, IComparable, null expcetion, NullReferenceException | No comments
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